【摘要】 目的 探讨不同应对方式和社会支持对贫困生复原力的影响,为帮助贫困生提高复原力提供理论依据。方法 使用Conner-Davidson韧性量表、应对方式问卷和领悟社会支持量表,对78名贫困大学生复原力水平与应对方式和社会支持的关系进行分析。结果 贫困生复原力水平低于非贫困生,但部分贫困生具有较高的复原力。复原力高分组在解决问题、求助得分明显高于低分组和非贫困大学生组,在自责、幻想得分低于低分组和非贫困大学生组,退避得分低于低分组,差异均具有统计学意义。复原力高分组在总分、朋友支持和其他社会支持得分明显高于低分组,差异有统计学意义。结论 贫困生复原力水平与“解决问题—求助”的应对模式和社会支持存在高度的正相关,与自责、幻想的应对方式存在高度的负相关。高复原力的贫困生更多地获得来自于朋友及其他的社会支持。

 【关键词】 适应,心理学;社会支持;学生;贫困

 【中图分类号】 R 179 R 395.6 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2009)09-0835-02
, http://www.100md.com
 Relationship Between Resilience and Coping Style, Social Support Among Poverty Undergraduates/TENG Qin*, ZHANG Ning. * The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing (210029), China

 【Abstract】 Objective To explore how different coping style and social support impact on the poverty undergraduates' resilience, and to provide theoretical bases for them to improve resilience. Methods By using Conner-davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC), Coping Style Questionnaire and Perceived Social Support Scale, 416 undergraduates were measured to investigate the relationship among level of resilience, coping style and social support. Results The resilience of poverty undergraduates was lower than the average of other undergraduates, while some poverty undergraduates scored higher. Scores of solving-problem and seeking-help among high resilience group were significantly higher than those among low resilience group and other undergraduates, while scores of self-blame and illusion were lower than low resilience group's and other undergraduates', also score of retreat was lower than low resilience group. The difference had remarkable significance. There were significant difference in total score, friends' support and other social support between different resilience levels, and in which high resilience group was better than low resilience group. ConclusionThe level of resilience of poverty undergraduates is in highly positive correlation with the coping style of "solving-problem-seeking-help" and social support. Highly negative correlation exists between the level of resilience of poverty undergraduates and coping style of self-blame and illusion. The poverty undergraduates with high score in resilience can obtain more support from friends and the society.
, 百拇医药
 【Key words】 Adaptation,psychological;Social support;Students;Poverty

 复原力是“个体面对内外压力困境时,激发内在潜在认知、能力或心理特质,运用内外资源积极修补、调适机制的过程,以获取朝向正向目标的能力、历程或结果”[1],与个体认知因素、人格因素、应对方式、家庭环境、社会支持等密切相关[2]。高校贫困大学生问题是社会主义市场经济转型期的一个现实问题。本研究通过对贫困大学生复原力与应对方式、社会支持的相关调查分析,对帮助贫困生提高复原力提供理论依据。

 1 对象与方法

 1.1 对象 以整群抽样方式,抽取南京林业大学大一、大二在校学生416人,其中贫困生78人,占18.75%。根据有关部门的规定,贫困生界定为具有生源所在地乡镇以上民政部门的贫困证明,且在学校建立了贫困生档案并获得助学救济的学生。
, 百拇医药
 1.2 测量工具

 1.2.1 Connor-Davidson韧性量表(CD-RISC) 2007年陈瑜等[3]对CD-RISC韧性量表中文版进行修订。CD-RISC量表共25个项目,采用5点计分方式,总分越高表示复原力水平越高。本研究采用修订后的CD-RISC量表考察被测学生的复原力水平。

 1.2.2 应对方式问卷 由肖计划等[4]编制,包含退避、幻想、自责、求助、合理化和解决问题6个分量表[4]。

 1.2.3 领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)[4] 由Zimet等编制,测定个体领悟到的来自各种社会支持源,如家庭、朋友和其他人的支持程度,同时以总分反应个体感受到的社会支持总程度。

 1.3 测评方法 以团体测试方式进行,施测前由主试向被试说明问卷的目的和回答方式。主试由从事心理学教学与咨询的大学教师担任。, 百拇医药(滕 沁 张 宁) 第 1 2 页 下一页
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