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  【摘要】 目的 分析不同营养状况的中小学女生体脂肪、性发育和初潮年龄的关系，为制定相关措施改善中小学女生健康状况提供依据。方法 随机整群抽取6 157名6～18岁女生，依据WGOC超重/肥胖筛查标准和2007年WHO低体重BMI标准划分不同营养状况组，分析身高、体重、体脂百分比、第二性征分期，现状分析法分析来潮状况和初潮年龄。结果 超重、肥胖检出率分别为11.43%和9.05%；其性发育明显超前于同龄正常体重者。全人群半数初潮年龄为12.19岁；超重、肥胖女孩来潮率高于同龄正常体重者，其初潮年龄较后者提前。结论 体脂肪变化与性发育(尤其初潮年龄)早晚密切相关；青春期控制超重、肥胖发生对女性健康至关重要。

 【关键词】 超重；肥胖症；月经初潮；学生；女(雌)性

 【中图分类号】 R 711.51 R 339.35 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)11-1301-03

 Association Between Overweight/Obesity and Menarche in Chinese Schoolgirls/GUO Xiao-yan*, JI Cheng-ye，ZHANG Lan. * Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing(100191), China

 【Abstract】 Objective To study the association between body fat and sexual development in Chinese schoolgirls in different nutritional status, and to provide evidence for their health status. MethodsBy random cluster sampling, 6 157 girls aged 6-18 were sampled. Their body weight, height, body fat percentage and secondary sex characteristics were measured. The total means of menarche age (MMA) were analyzed using the status method. The menarche ages of different nutritional status were analyzed using the retrospective method. All the subjects were divided according to underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity. ResultsThe total incidence of overweight and obesity were 11.43% and 9.05%, respectively. The MMA were 12.19 years. The percentages of the menarche were higher for the overweight and obesity girls than that of the normal-weight girls. The menarche ages of the overweight/obesity girls were earlier than that of the normal-weight ones. Conclusion Closed association is found between the percentage of body fat and girls’ sexual development, especially that ofmenarche age. It’s important to control the occurrence of overweight and obesity in puberty for females’ health.

 【Key words】 Overweight;Obesity;Menarche;Students;Female

 伴随青春期到来，女性体内脂肪明显增加，性发育开始，月经来潮。体脂百分比和初潮年龄早晚密切相关[1-2]。伴随生活水平提高和儿童超重、肥胖流行 ......