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  【摘要】 目的 探讨中小学教师职业倦怠的性别差异,为开展相关心理干预工作提供参考依据。方法 检索并筛选出35篇关于中小学教师职业倦怠的文献进行元分析。结果 我国中小学教师职业倦怠在个人成就感维度上不存在性别差异(总效应值为-0.01,95% CI为-0.12～0.1);在情绪衰竭上,女教师高于男教师(总效应值为-0.12,95% CI为-0.22～-0.02);在去个性化上,男教师高于女教师(总效应值为0.15,95% CI为0.03～0.27)。结论 我国中小学教师职业倦怠在个人成就感维度上不存在性别差异,女教师情绪衰竭高于男教师,男教师去个性化高于女教师。

 【关键词】 职业;疲劳;文献计量学;学生保健服务

 【中图分类号】 R 195.1 G 443 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)08-0972-03

 A Meta-analytic Review of Studies of the Last 10Years on the Gender Difference of Chinese Primary and Secondary School Teachers Burnout/LIU Li-ting. Department of Psychology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou(350007), China

 【Abstract】 Objective To explore gender difference of primary and secondary school teachers burnout, and to provide reference for the intervention. MethodsThirty-five studies about gender difference of primary and secondary school teachers burnout were collected for meta analysis. ResultsThere was no gender difference of primary and secondary school teachers in the personal accomplishment burnout dimension (effect value was -0.01, 95%CI was from-0.12 to 0.1). The female teachers were worse than male teachers in emotional exhaustion, (effect value was -0.12, 95%CI was from- 0.22 to-0.02), and the male teachers were worse than female teachers in depersonalization (effect value was 0.15,95% CI was from 0.03 to 0.27).ConclusionThere is no gender difference of Chinese primary and secondary school teachers in the personal accomplishment; the female teachers are worse than male teachers in emotional exhaustion; The male teachers are worse than female teachers in depersonalization.

 【Key words】 Occupations;Fatigue;Bibliometrics;Student health services

 【作者简介】 刘丽婷(1983- ),女,江西萍乡人,硕士,主要研究方向为发展与教育心理学。

 【作者单位】 福建师范大学心理系,福州 350007。

 职业倦怠是教师不能顺利应对工作压力的一种极端反应,是教师在长期高水平的压力体验下产生的情感、态度和行为的衰竭状态[1]。国外关于教师职业倦怠的研究较早,而我国相对起步较晚,从本世纪初开始,有关教师职业倦怠的调查研究逐渐增多,关注的是影响教师职业倦怠的因素。各研究关于性别对职业倦怠的影响结果不一致,男性和女性在职业倦怠3个维度的结果大不相同[2-5]。

 元分析即对分析的分析,是以综合已有的发现为目的,对单个研究结果进行综合的统计学分析方法[6]。元分析可以揭示和分析多个同类研究的分歧,同时考察研究设计、发表偏向等特征对结果的影响,解决各研究结果的矛盾,得出更一般的结论。为了更加客观准确地了解中小学教师职业倦怠状况,笔者运用元分析对近10 a来关于教师职业倦怠性别差异进行综合研究。现报道如下。

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