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  【摘要】 目的 了解青海省学前儿童和小学生实施乙肝疫苗接种与健康教育项目实施情况,为今后实施类似公共卫生活动积累经验。方法 按照中国肝炎防治基金会支持青海省实施乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)项目的统一要求,2006年对海南州所有小学生实施乙肝疫苗接种与健康教育,2007年对海西州、黄南州、玉树州、果洛州及海东地区小学生进行乙肝疫苗接种与健康教育。结果 3针累计接种乙肝疫苗973044人次。其中第1针接种323028人,接种率97.78%;第2针接种324121人,接种率98.03%;第3针接种325921人,接种率98.09%,均达到项目实施的要求。师生乙肝防治知识知晓率由培训前的68.34%提高到97.23%。结论 通过项目的实施,青海省儿童乙肝疫苗接种率达到98%以上,师生乙肝防治知识知晓率显著提高,有力推动了青海省乙型肝炎控制工作进展。

 【关键词】 肝炎疫苗,乙型;接种;健康教育;儿童

 【中图分类号】 G 479 R 512.62 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)08-0917-02

 Hepatitis B Vaccination and Health Education Among Children in Qinghai/ZHAO Jian-hai, SONG Dian-hai, HAO Zeng-ping. Qinghai Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Xining(810007), China

 【Abstract】 Objective The health education and the vaccination of HepatitisB (HepB), and to gather experience on fulfilling public health programs.MethodsAccording to the HepB vaccine project in Qinghai Province supported the China Foundation of Hepatitis Prevention and Control, Hainan state had implemented the vaccination and the health education to the grade 1-6 in 2006, the state of Haixi, Huangnan, Yushu, Guoluo and Haidong had been implemented in 2007. ResultsThe three dose accumulation number of the HepB vaccination were 973 044, the first dose vaccination was 323 028, the coverage was 97.78%; the second dose vaccination was 324 121, the coverage was 98.03%; the third dose vaccination was 325 921, the coverage was 98.09%. The vaccination rage had achieved the request of the project implementation. ConclusionThrough the implementation of the project, the knowledge rate of the hepatitis B prevents and controls has been raised remarkable, and he hepatitis B control progress has been promoted powerfully in Qinghai.

 【Key words】 Hepatitis B vaccines;Vaccination;Health education;Child

 【作者简介】 赵建海(1965- ),男,青海省循化撒拉族自治县人,大学专科,副主任技师,主要从事免疫规划综合管理和疾病监测工作。

 【作者单位】 青海省疾病预防控制中心,西宁 810007。

 乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)是青海省人群发病率较高的传染病之一[1-3],对患者、家庭、社会造成沉重的经济负担,是当前突出的公共卫生问题[4-6]。2003-2007年青海省网络直报乙肝发病率分别为150.07/10万、181.85/10万、206.53/10万、219.94/10万和287.76/10万,呈逐年上升趋势。资料显示感染HBV的年龄越小,成为慢性HBV感染者的可能性越大[7],而控制乙肝最有效的措施是接种乙肝疫苗(HepB)。2003年青海省通过实施全球疫苗免疫联盟(GAVI)项目,使2003年以后出生的儿童免费获得了乙肝疫苗接种 ......