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  [摘要] 目的 分析医疗纠纷发生的原因以及纠纷发生较多的科室，以期为医疗机构更好地深化落实医疗体制改革具体措施提供指导依据。 方法 运用统计学中荟萃分析的方法对收集到的符合纳入标准的文献进行处理，比较医疗纠纷原因各自的构成比和各科室发生医疗纠纷所占比例大小。 结果 排在前3位的纠纷原因分别为专业诊疗护理技术水平差(22.95%)，服务态度差(21.24%)，医患沟通障碍(12.61%)；在医疗纠纷各科室分布中，外科所占比例最高(34.80%)，外科是发生医疗纠纷的首要科室。 结论 医疗机构要进一步深化医疗体制改革举措；医务人员要增强专业业务水平，提高服务意识，重视并增进医患沟通；对医疗纠纷较多科室加强管理，以确保医疗质量，减少和避免医疗纠纷。

 [关键词] 医疗纠纷；原因分析；Meta分析

 [中图分类号] R197.32 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-7210(2012)02(c)-0160-03

 Meta-analysis of medical dispute causes in China

 GAO Xiaofei1,2 ZHOU Weiyan1,2 SUN Zhonghe1▲

 1.The Affiliated Nanjing First Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210006, China; 2.School of Clinical Medical, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210029, China

 [Abstract] Objective To provide better guidance for those medical institutions in implementing specific measures associated with the reform of medical system by analyzing the reasons and department distribution for the medical disputes was conducted. Methods The statistical method of Meta-analysis to collect was used and analyzed all the literature which met the inclusion criteria, thus to get results about the composition of the causes, as well as some department happening proportion of medical disputes. Results Dispute reasons ranking first three were unsatisfactory professional medical technical level (22.95%), bad service attitude (21.24%), the doctor-patient communication obstacles (12.61%), respectively; surgical constituted 34.80% which was the primary department where medical disputes occurred. Conclusion Medical institutions to deepen the reform of medical system, the staff need further strengthen professional business level, and promote the service consciousness, emphasize and improve doctor-patient communication, reinforce the management of departments with more medical disputes, ultimately to ensure the medical quality, reduce and avoid medical disputes.

 [Key words] Medical disputes; Cause analysis; Meta-analysis

 个体差异性、疾病复杂性、诊疗手段局限性等诸多因素混杂在一起，决定了医疗行业的高难度与高风险。在医学模式由单纯的生物医学模式向生物心理社会模式转化的过程中，医患关系变得更加复杂，趋向紧张，甚至中国医生经常成为医疗纠纷暴力事件的牺牲者[1]。了解分析我国医患纠纷发生的原因以及纠纷发生的科室分布比例，有针对性地提出减少和避免纠纷的对策迫在眉睫。本文用Meta分析对医疗纠纷原因和科室分布比例进行综合分析和探讨，以期为医疗机构更好地深化落实医疗体制改革具体措施提供指导依据。

 1 材料与方法 ......