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Abstract: [Objective] To investigate if use of unleaded gasoline (ULG) has reduced the toxicity of gasoline exhaust particu-lates (GEPs) to cell membrane in vitro. [Methods] The ULG and leaded gasoline (LG) were used to the Engine Dy-narnometer during idle and medium-duty operating status, respectively, to produce tail exhausts. The hydrocarbons (HC) andcarbon monoxide (CO) of the exhausts were detected. The GEPs were collected to extract absorbed organic matter. The invitro cultured Chinese hamster lung (CHL) ceils were treated with different extracts. The quantity of cytosolic lactate dehy-drogenase (LDH) released from the cells into the media,and the intracellular concentrations of K+ and Ca2. were detected toassess the degree of toxic damage to the cell membrane. [Results] Both LDH content in the media and intracellular Ca2.concentration increased,while intracellular K* content decreased accordingly. These changes showed a dose-response rela-tionship,suggesting that GEPs damaged cell membrane,resulting in an outflow of intracellular LDH and K+ from the cells,andan inflow of extracellular Ca2+ into the cells. Statistically significant differences in cell toxicity was found between the cellstreated with ULG GEPs extract and others. [Conclusion] ULG has reduced the emission of hydrocarbons (HC) and carbonmonoxide (CO). The GEPs from the ULG present less cell membrane toxicity than those from the LG.Key Words: gasoline exhaust particulates; unleaded gasoline; cell membrane toxicity
http://www.100md.com/html/paper/1006-3617/2003/02/06.htm
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